Lehetséges, hogy egy foton kölcsönhatásba lép egy valamivel, majd a a kölcsönhatás után visszanyerjük a fotont változatlan formában, de a kölcsönhatás tényének is detektálható nyoma marad?

#1 Csakhogy ez nem igaz.

Lényegesen bonyolultabb a "light-matter interaction", és ezt a quantum elektrodinamika írja le (QED)

Fizikailag semmiképp sem ugyan azok a fotonok fognak "visszapattanni"

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"In classical electrodynamics, light is considered as an electromagnetic wave, which is described by Maxwell's equations. Light waves incident on a material induce small oscillations of polarisation in the individual atoms (or oscillation of electrons, in metals), causing each particle to radiate a small secondary wave in all directions, like a dipole antenna. All these waves add up to give specular reflection and refraction, according to the Huygens–Fresnel principle.

In the case of dielectrics such as glass, the electric field of the light acts on the electrons in the material, and the moving electrons generate fields and become new radiators. The refracted light in the glass is the combination of the forward radiation of the electrons and the incident light. The reflected light is the combination of the backward radiation of all of the electrons.

In metals, electrons with no binding energy are called free electrons. When these electrons oscillate with the incident light, the phase difference between their radiation field and the incident field is π (180°), so the forward radiation cancels the incident light, and backward radiation is just the reflected light.

Light–matter interaction in terms of photons is a topic of quantum electrodynamics, and is described in detail by Richard Feynman in his popular book QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter."

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Itt ez jól leírja még.

Fizikailag nincs értelme "ugyanarról a fotonról" beszélni.

Ha valakinek kölcsönadsz 100 forintot, majd az megadja, akkor sem mondod azt, hogy nem ugyanazt a 100 forintot adta vissza.