A magyar jobboldal egy esetleges hullarablás miatt szurkol az oroszoknak,vagy csak szimplán az van,hogy szívük szerint BRICSbe lennének a nyugati szövetségi rendszerek helyett?

2. "Kárpátalja minket illetne, és igenis a nemzeti érzelműek látják, hogy most megvan a történelmi esély a visszaszerzésére."

:DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD Mit is kéne cserébe adni az oroszoknak ezért? Másrészt mit kezdesz a 80% ukrán lakossággal? Kedves Nemzethy érzelmű barátom.

Budapesti memorandum

1994.12.05.

A Szovjetunió széthullásával kialakult ukrán állam szuverenitását számos két- és többoldalú nemzetközi szerzõdés ismerte el és garantálta. Ezek sorába tartozik az 1994. december 5-én aláírt budapesti memorandumnak nevezett dokumentum is. A memorandum keletkezésének történetéhez tartozik, hogy 1994. december 5–6-án tartotta ülését az Európai Biztonsági és Együttmûködése Értekezlet (EBEÉ), amely ezen az ülésen változtatta meg az elnevezését Európai Biztonsági és Együttmûködési Szervezetre (EBESZ). Az értekezleten a tagországokat az állam- illetve a kormányfõk képviselték. Az Egyesült Államok az Egyesült Királyság, Oroszország és Ukrajna elsõ embereinek jelenléte adta az alkalmat arra, hogy a hidegháború utáni európai biztonsági kérdések sorában akkor különösen nagy jelentõségû nukleáris leszerelési folyamatban aláírják a Szovjetunió összeomlása után Ukrajna területén maradt nukleáris fegyverarzenál sorsáról szóló megállapodást. (A dokumentumot B. Clinton, B. Jelcin, L. Kucsma, G. Major írta alá.) A budapesti memorandum – Ukrajna szuverenitásának garantálása mellett – az Egyesült Államok az Egyesült Királyság, Oroszország és Ukrajna azon szándékát rögzítette, hogy az Ukrajna területén maradt nukleáris arzenált – amely az amerikai és az orosz után a harmadik legnagyobb volt a világon – Ukrajna adja át Oroszországnak, amelyek jelentõs része a már rögzített és folyamatban levõ amerikai–orosz leszerelési egyezmények alapján kerüljön megsemmisítésre, Ukrajna váljon atomfegyverekkel nem rendelkezõ hatalommá. A memorandum abban az esetben kötelezi az aláíró hatalmakat az Ukrajna szuverenitást garantáló lépésekre, ha az országot nukleáris fenyegetés érné, más esetekben nyilvánvalóan az ENSZ Biztonsági Tanácsa illetékes. A budapesti memorandumban foglalt szándékok az aláírást követõen realizálódtak. A memorandum a 2014. február végén – március elején kialakult ukrajnai válság kapcsán került újra a figyelem elõterébe, amikor ukrán részrõl többször hivatkoztak arra Ukrajna területi egységének védelme érdekében. (H.J.)

Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Budapest, 5 December 1994

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,

Welcoming the accession of Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons as a non-nuclear-weapon State,

Taking into account the commitment of Ukraine to eliminate all nuclear weapons from its territory within a specified period of time,

Noting the changes in the world-wide security situation, including the end of the Cold War, which have brought about conditions for deep reductions in nuclear forces.

Confirm the following:

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to respect the Independence and Sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their obligation to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine, and that none of their weapons will ever be used against Ukraine except in self-defense or otherwise in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to refrain from economic coercion designed to subordinate to their own interest the exercise by Ukraine of the rights inherent in its sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to seek immediate United Nations Security Council action to provide assistance to Ukraine, as a non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, if Ukraine should become a victim of an act of aggression or an object of a threat of aggression in which nuclear weapons are used.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm, in the case of the Ukraine, their commitment not to use nuclear weapons against any non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, except in the case of an attack on themselves, their territories or dependent territories, their armed forces, or their allies, by such a state in association or alliance with a nuclear weapon state.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland will consult in the event a situation arises which raises a question concerning these commitments.

This Memorandum will become applicable upon signature.

Signed in four copies having equal validity in the English, Russian and Ukrainian languages.

Ukraine. Memorandum on Security Assurances

Jump to navigation

Jump to search

Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Sister Projects.sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.

Budapest, 5 December 1994

Ukraine, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America,

Welcoming the Accession of Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons as a non-nuclear-weapon state,

Taking into account the commitment of Ukraine to eliminate all nuclear weapons from its territory within a specified period of time,

Noting the changes in the world-wide security situation, including the end of the Cold War, which have brought about conditions for deep reductions in nuclear forces,

Confirm the following:

The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and The United States of America reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to respect the independence and sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine.

The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and The United States of America reaffirm their obligation to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine, and that none of their weapons will ever be used against Ukraine except in self-defense or otherwise in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.

The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and The United States of America reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the Principles of the CSCE Final Act, to refrain from economic coercion designed to subordinate to their own interest the exercise by Ukraine of the rights inherent in its sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind.

The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and The United States of America reaffirm their commitment to seek immediate United Nations Security Council action to provide assistance to Ukraine, as a non-nuclear-weapon state party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, if Ukraine should become a victim of an act of aggression or an object of a threat of aggression in which nuclear weapons are used.

The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and The United States of America reaffirm, in the case of Ukraine, their commitment not to use nuclear weapons against any non-nuclear-weapon state party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, except in the case of an attack on themselves, their territories or dependent territories, their armed forces, or their allies, by such a state in association or alliance with a nuclear weapon state.

Ukraine, The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and The United States of America will consult in the event a situation arises which raises a question concerning these commitments.

This Memorandum will become applicable upon signature.

Signed in four copies having equal validity in the Ukrainian, English, and Russian languages.

FOR UKRAINE:

(signature Leonid Kuchma)

FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION:

(signature Boris Yeltsin)

FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND:

(signature John Major)

FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:

(signature Bill Clinton)